Housing Theory of Everything — Episode 5.5

Which party
actually makes
you poorer?

Finance TikTok tells you to optimise your ISA. The party you elect will do more to your financial position in five years than a decade of investment decisions. I graded every party on the economic evidence. Here are the numbers.

Four criteria.
Five parties.

Graded on economic evidence only. The four things that determine your housing costs: supply, land reform, capital allocation, and tenant protection. No ideology. No party loyalty.

Green Party
3
 / 4
Correct structural diagnosis. Right on LVT, nationalisation, social housing. The maths does not yet hold up to OBR scrutiny — but the closest any party gets.
Supply
Land Reform
~
Capital
~
Tenants
Labour
2
 / 4
Building homes and protecting tenants. But taxes at record high and not one structural cause of the housing crisis has been touched.
Supply
~
Land Reform
Capital
Tenants
Lib Dems
0
 / 4
Would score 1.5 on economic evidence. Then I remembered Nick Clegg. Moving on.
Supply
Land Reform
Capital
Tenants
~
Conservative
0
 / 4
Bringing back Help to Buy: demand stimulus in a supply-constrained market. It inflates the asset you are trying to afford. This is property asset protection, not housing policy.
Supply
Land Reform
Capital
Tenants
Reform UK
0
 / 4
Every structural cause made worse. Scrapping Section 24, abolishing the Renters Rights Bill, cutting stamp duty. The IFS found a £100bn hole in their budget. And the gilt market will find it before Parliament does.
Supply
Land Reform
Capital
Tenants

Legend: ✓ Pass  |  ~ Partial  |  ✗ Fail  |  ↓ Makes it worse. Full methodology and party-by-party analysis on Substack.

What each party
costs you personally

Five-year cumulative financial impact by household type. 2025 real prices. Rent, council tax, energy, rail, and — for homeowners — the gilt market impact on your mortgage. Select the profile closest to you.

Profile 1
Struggling
Renter
Profile 2
HENRY
Profile 3
Stretched
Owner
The Struggling Renter
Single. Age 28. Regional city. Graduate. Cannot get on the housing ladder.
£32k
Salary
£950
Rent/mo
£8k
Savings
Our Programme
+£19,100
5yr saving
Rent yr5
−£2,520/yr
Council Tax
−£840/yr
Energy+Rail
−£658/yr
Green Party
+£6,000
5yr estimate
Rent controls
Partial cap
Social housing
Long wait
Fiscal risk
Uncertain
Lib Dems
+£2,500
5yr estimate
Rent yr5
−£500/yr
Council Tax
Unchanged
Supply effect
Moderate
Labour
+£1,200
5yr estimate
Rent
~Flat
Council Tax
Unchanged
Energy
−£200/yr
Conservative
−£3,500
5yr estimate
Rent
+£600/yr
Help to Buy
Inflates
Council Tax
Unchanged
Reform UK
−£5,200
5yr estimate
Rent
+£900/yr
Services
Cuts
BTL incentive
Widened
The HENRY
High Earner Not Rich Yet. Couple. Age 30-33. London. Renting at £2,200/mo or recently bought with large mortgage.
£95k
Combined
£2,200
Rent/mo
£45k
Savings
Our Programme
+£28,400
5yr saving
Rent yr5
−£4,620/yr
Council Tax
−£1,400/yr
Energy+Rail
−£900/yr
Green Party
+£4,000
5yr estimate
Rent partial
Controls
NI rise
Hits hard
CGT invest.
Aligned up
Lib Dems
+£3,500
5yr estimate
London rent
−£800/yr
Tax
Modest rise
Supply
Moderate
Labour
−£800
5yr estimate
Rent
~Flat
Tax burden
Record high
Energy
−£300/yr
Conservative
−£6,000
5yr estimate
London rent
+£1,200/yr
Help to Buy
Inflates
Deposit trap
Worsens
Reform UK
−£9,500
5yr estimate
London rent
+£1,800/yr
Services
Significant
Net zero
Bills up
The Stretched Owner
Bought 2021-23. Age 31. Solo buyer. Mortgage coming up for renewal. Cannot move, cannot overpay meaningfully.
£55k
Salary
£1,680
Mortgage/mo
£280k
Outstanding

Note for this profile: Gilt yields drive fixed mortgage pricing, not the Bank Rate. The Reform figures below include the gilt market impact on your next remortgage. See Section 3 for the mechanism.

Our Programme
+£13,260
5yr saving
Mortgage (gilt)
−£3,060
Council Tax
−£1,371/yr
Energy+Rail
−£671/yr
Green Party
+£1,500
5yr estimate
Mortgage
Unchanged
NI rise
−£800/yr
Council tax
Unchanged
Lib Dems
+£500
5yr estimate
Mortgage
Unchanged
Council Tax
Unchanged
Energy modest
−£200/yr
Labour
−£1,500
5yr estimate
Mortgage
Unchanged
Tax burden
Record high
Energy
−£200/yr
Conservative
−£2,500
5yr estimate
Mortgage
Unchanged
Services
Real cost
Energy
No change
Reform UK
−£14,300
5yr estimate
Mortgage (gilt)
+£9,540
Services cuts
Significant
Energy bills
Rise (no NZ)

Your mortgage is priced
off the bond market

Finance TikTok tells you to watch the Bank of England base rate. But your 2 and 5-year fixed mortgage is priced off gilt yields — government bonds. When markets lose confidence in fiscal sustainability, gilt yields rise. Your mortgage follows within weeks.

The transmission mechanism

Bank of England research: every 25 basis points added to gilt yields costs a £250,000 mortgage holder approximately £50 more per month on remortgage. We saw this in real time with the Truss mini-budget in September 2022 — gilt yields spiked, mortgage products were pulled from the market within 48 hours. The Bank Rate at the time was 2.25% and had nothing to do with it.

IPPR analysis confirms: UK gilt yields were already 40–80 basis points higher than comparable economies after the 2024 election, on a relatively modest fiscal deterioration. Reform's programme has a £100bn+ unfunded hole. That would add 75–100 basis points. On a £280,000 mortgage renewing in year 2: +£9,540 over your next 5-year fix.

Our programme reaches surplus by year 3. Conservative estimate: 30bp compression, saving £3,060 on the same fix.

Gilt Yield Impact by Party (basis points vs baseline)
Our
Programme
−30bp
Lib Dems
~0bp
Labour
+40–80bp
Green
+40–80bp
Conservative
+50–80bp
Reform
+75–100bp
Mortgage Cost Impact — £280k Remortgage, 5-Year Fix
Our
Programme
−£3,060
Lib Dems
£0
Labour
+£5,376
Green
+£5,376
Conservative
+£6,720
Reform
+£9,540

Sources: Bank of England gilt transmission research; IPPR analysis of UK gilt risk premium post-2024 election; IFS Reform UK manifesto assessment. Full methodology on Substack.

What actually
fixes it

Thirteen policies, an OBR-defensible fiscal model, household bill projections, and the full structural argument. All on Substack.